Kratom is a plant native to Southeast Asia that’s gained widespread attention in recent years. While many use it for its stimulant and pain-relieving properties, it carries significant risks, including dependence and addiction.
What is kratom, and how is it used?
Kratom, derived from the leaves of the Mitragyna speciosa tree, has traditionally been used for medicinal and recreational purposes. The leaves are often dried and brewed into tea, chewed, or crushed into powder form to be mixed with beverages. Some people also take it in capsule or tablet form.
The drug is popular for two main reasons: it’s a stimulant at low doses and a sedative at higher doses. Its active compounds interact with opioid receptors in the brain, creating feelings of increased energy, relaxation, or relief from pain. However, these same properties also make kratom a popular choice for abuse.
Is kratom used in North Carolina?
Yes, and kratom is widely unregulated in the state. It’s legal for adults 18 and over to use, possess, and buy kratom products in North Carolina. Some companies claim that kratom can help people with opioid addiction manage withdrawal symptoms, but it’s still unclear whether it’s widely effective. North Carolina is pushing to regulate the sale of kratom in an attempt to cut down on the risks of its use.
Why is kratom addictive?
Kratom can be addictive due to its impact on the brain’s reward system. Active components of the drug (mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine) mimic the effects of opioids, promoting a sense of euphoria and a reduction in physical pain. When someone takes kratom for these effects, they may eventually need higher doses to feel the same effects (known as tolerance).
After someone develops a tolerance, they can eventually become dependent on the drug. Dependence on kratom develops when the body begins relying on the substance to function normally. Over time, people may find themselves taking kratom not for enjoyment but to avoid withdrawal symptoms. This is the beginning of addiction.
What are the signs of kratom addiction?
Recognizing kratom addiction early can connect someone with the right treatment and avoid some of the long-term effects of the drug. If you recognize the signs of kratom addiction in someone, find help for them right away:
- Behavioral changes: Increased secrecy, irritability, or neglect of responsibilities.
- Cravings: An uncontrollable urge to use kratom despite negative consequences.
- Physical dependence: The need to use larger amounts of kratom to achieve the desired effects (tolerance) and the onset of withdrawal symptoms when not using.
- Social impact: Strained relationships, loss of interest in hobbies, or isolation from loved ones.
It may not be obvious when someone is struggling with kratom abuse. What you might notice instead are subtle yet concerning changes in their behavior and appearance. If you suspect someone you care about is struggling with addiction, approach the situation with compassion and understanding. Remember that addiction is a complex disease, and they probably feel ashamed, guilty, or embarrassed.
What are the health effects of chronic kratom use?
Over time, kratom use can take a toll on both physical and mental health. Prolonged use has been associated with the following effects:
Physical
- Liver damage
- Digestive issues, such as nausea, vomiting, and constipation
- Loss of appetite and weight loss
- Fatigue and muscle aches
- Seizures
Mental
- Anxiety and depression
- Difficulty concentrating or memory problems
- Increased irritability or mood swings
- Hallucinations, delusions, and confusion
Since kratom is so new compared to other popular recreational drugs in the U.S., it’s unclear how it affects most people. Everyone will have a different experience and could develop some of these dangerous side effects.
What are kratom withdrawal symptoms?
People who regularly use kratom can experience withdrawal symptoms. Withdrawal symptoms are when the brain and body have to adjust after the effects the drug provides are stopped. Kratom withdrawal symptoms may be similar to those caused by opioid drugs—like OxyContin, heroin, or fentanyl—and may include:
Physical withdrawal symptoms
- Muscle spasms and pain
- Difficulty sleeping
- Watery eyes and runny nose
- Hot flashes
- Fever
- Decreased appetite
- Diarrhea
Psychological withdrawal symptoms
- Restlessness
- Tension
- Anger
- Sadness
- Nervousness
The severity of withdrawal symptoms varies and depends on how long, frequently, and heavily someone uses kratom. When someone detoxes from kratom, or stops using the drug, they might experience these side effects for a few days. The risk of relapse is higher during this time, especially if someone tries to quit on their own.
What are the risks of combining kratom with other substances?
Kratom affects the central nervous system, and so do benzos, opioids, and alcohol. Mixing kratom with these drugs can make it easier to overdose. That’s because each drug can amplify the effects of the others, leading to potentially dangerous levels in the body.
All of these substances have sedative effects, including on someone’s breathing. When combined, they can slow down breathing to dangerously low levels, leading to respiratory failure or even death.
Additionally, the combination of kratom and other substances can also increase the risk of liver damage and kidney damage. Kratom has been linked to liver injury in some cases, and combining it with other drugs that also have the potential for liver toxicity can further increase this risk.
What are effective treatment options for kratom addiction?
Effective treatment for kratom addiction usually involves evidence-based talk therapies for substance use disorder. These therapies focus on helping people develop coping skills, identify what triggers and contributes to their addiction, and learn healthy ways of managing cravings.
Behavioral therapy
Behavioral therapies, like cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and contingency management, are often used in treating kratom addiction. CBT helps people identify and change negative thoughts and behaviors related to drug use, while contingency management provides incentives for abstaining from drug use.
Support groups
Support groups like 12-step programs or SMART Recovery can also be beneficial for those struggling with kratom addiction. These groups offer a supportive community of people who understand the challenges of addiction and provide accountability for maintaining sobriety. They also offer education and coping strategies for managing cravings and triggers.
Holistic approaches
Many people also benefit from holistic approaches such as meditation, yoga, or acupuncture. These practices can help reduce stress, improve overall well-being, and promote mindfulness. The better someone can feel as they navigate the recovery process, the more likely they are to overcome their addiction.
How does Red Oak support men with kratom addiction?
Red Oak provides comprehensive alcohol addiction and drug addiction treatment for men. Our individualized treatment plans incorporate evidence-based therapies and holistic practices, like:
- Wilderness therapy in the beautiful Blue Ridge Mountains
- Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) to address thought patterns and behaviors
- Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) for emotional regulation and interpersonal skills
- Co-occurring mental health treatment to manage symptoms and stress
- Group therapy sessions to connect with others in recovery
- Mindfulness practices, such as meditation and yoga, to promote self-awareness and reduce stress
- Family therapy to improve communication and support systems
Our team of experienced professionals can help you or a man in your life stop using kratom and heal from the physical, mental, and emotional effects of addiction. A better way forward is ahead, and we’re a partner on the road to recovery. Call 828.382.9699 or contact us online now to get help.
